Italian Large Leaf Basil

Basil requires well-draining soil with a pH range of 6 to 7 and ample sunlight of at least 6 to 8 hours a day for optimal growth. The soil should be kept moist, but not waterlogged. Basil prefers warm temperatures and is susceptible to frost damage. Additionally, it is recommended to prune basil frequently to promote bushier growth and prevent it from bolting.

After danger of frost has passed, sow seeds 1" apart, 1/4" deep in rows 18-24" apart. Under ideal conditions, germination will occur in 5-10 days. After germination, thin to one plant every 4-8". Can also be started indoors 6-8 weeks before last frost.

Dig a hole slightly larger than the root ball of the basil plant and carefully remove the plant from its current container, taking care not to damage the roots. Place the plant in the hole, backfill with soil, and water thoroughly. Keep the soil moist and avoid overwatering, which can cause the roots to rot.

Insect Pests

Diseases & Other Problems

To harvest basil, use sharp scissors to cut off individual leaves or entire stems, leaving a few sets of leaves on the plant to encourage new growth. Harvest basil in the morning when the plant's oils are most concentrated. To store fresh basil, wrap the stems in a damp paper towel and place them in a plastic bag in the refrigerator, where they can last for up to a week. Alternatively, basil leaves can be frozen or dried for longer-term storage.

CONSIDERATIONS:

Basil is an inbreeding plant, however the flowers require insects for pollination and they are a favorite of honey bees and other types of bees. It is therefore necessary to isolate different varieties of basil by at least 150 feet to ensure varietal purity. Alternatively, two different varieties may be caged with netting, with one variety being exposed each alternating day to allow for pollination to occur.

HARVESTING SEED:

Basil racemes mature progressively from the bottom of the plant upwards. Once the pods on the bottom portion of the racemes have turned brown, cut the stem and allow the entire plant to dry in a well-ventilated place out of direct sunlight. Release the seeds by rubbing the dried racemes against a fine mesh. Strain and winnow the seeds and store in an airtight container.

SEED LONGETIVITY:

Basil seeds can remain viable for up to five years, although their germination rates may decline over time. The seeds should be stored in a cool, dry place in an airtight container to preserve their viability.